Chestnuts: Choosing, Roasting, Boiling, and Storing

Choosing Chestnuts:

Chestnuts are available from October through March with the peak being the Thanksgiving and Christmas season.  Cooked and shelled chestnuts can be purchased and are available in sealed jars and left unopened will last up to a year. .  If chestnuts from jar are too firm when opened add water and steam them for a few minutes to soften.  Chestnut puree is sometimes found in speciality stores,  Dried chestnuts can also be found in speciality or Asian markets.    

When choosing fresh chestnuts look for the following:

  • Hard and shiny shells
  • They do not rattle when shaken
  • Unblemished shells that are heavy for their size are optimal
  • Store in refrigerator in perforated bags for up to 1 week

Roasting Chestnuts:

Roasting Chestnuts is a very simple task.  Just follow these few simple steps:

  • Wipe off the nuts with a damp cloth
  • Cut a X through the base of the shell
  • Place nuts with the X side up in a pan
  • Place pan in 450 degree oven and cook for about 20 minutes
  • Remove nuts when shells have burst open and the nut meat looks golden brown
  • Cool shells just long enough so that you can hold them and peel the shells

Shelling Chestnuts:

Shelling/Blanching  Chestnuts Pan/Oven Method:

  • Wipe chestnuts with damp cloth
  • Cut an X through shell at base
  • Place nuts in skillet along with 1/2 tsp of butter per each cup of chestnuts
  • Shake skillet over heat until butter is melted
  • Place in cold oven and let sit for 5 minutes
  • Remove from oven and remove shells with knife
  • This method accomplishes both shelling and blanching as one step as skins adhere to shells

Boiling Chestnuts:

Boiling Chestnuts:

  • Place chestnuts in pan and half cover with water
  • Boil 20 minutes
  • Empty Water from pan, leaving chestnuts in pan to dry off with the pan still over low heat (This will insure chestnuts do not crumble when peel)
  • Peel and Store in tightly covered jars in refrigerator

Cracking that Shell


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To insure the freshest nuts whenever possible purchase nuts in their shells.  It is even better if you can purchase them directly from an orchard.

Now that you have fresh nuts still in their shells just how do you crack these shells to get the most nut meat possible in the process? Nuts, depending on the type, have different difficulty levels for cracking the shells. Here are some nuts and the best way to crack the shell and get to the meat.

Brazil Nuts

Brazil nuts have a extremely tough shell. They are extremely difficult to crack. If you just try to use the traditional nut cracker utensil you may crack the shell but the nutmeat will stick to the shell. When you try to pull the meat from the shell one often ends up with just a mess and the nut meat sticking tightly to the shell.

There are, however, two methods that will make the job easier. The first method is to drop them into a pot of boiling water and boil for two to three minutes. Drain the nuts, let them cool, and then use the nutcracker. The second method is to preheat the oven to 400 degrees. Place the Brazil nuts in a shallow baking pan in and single layer and roast them for 20 minutes. Remove from oven, let cool and then use nutcracker.

Chestnuts

Chestnuts are a unique species as they are considered a chore to shell.  The following are 3 ways to tackle the task:

1).  Using a paring knife, make a crisscross cut on both the flat side and domed side of each chestnut.  Place chestnuts in a large saucepan and cover with 2 inches of water,  Cover and bring to boil over high heat.  Once boiling lower the heat and boil gently for 20 minutes.  Remove 2 or 3 chestnuts at a time and let them cool just slightly.  Peal each chestnut starting at the crisscross with a pulling motion being careful that you also remove the brown inner skin.   Think of the task as a type of tug of war with a little nut.   Chestnuts peel best when hot and if they are too tough to get the shell and skin off reboil for a few more minutes.

2).  Using a paring knife make the crisscoss scores as directed above. Soak the chestnuts for 20 minutes.  Place the chestnuts onto a baking sheet and roast them at 375 degrees for 15 to 20 minutes.  Cool slightly and peel starting at the crisscross marks.

3).  Using a parking knife make the crisscross scores on the flat side only.  Place in a large skillet  with a small amount of oil.  Turn the burner on high and cook chestnuts for 5 to 10 minutes, tossing the chestnuts continuously with a wooden spoon and shaking the pan to prevent burning.

Macadamias

Although macadamias are rarely found in the shell but if you do get them in the shell they are a difficult to crack.  For macadamias a strike with a hammer or use a very heavy duty professional nutcracker utensil.

Almonds, Hazelnuts, Pecans and Walnuts

A simple nutcracker or fancy nutcracker will do the trick.  These types of nuts are often displayed in a bowl with a nutcracker and cracked one at a time to be enjoyed.

Pistachios

Pistachios are often partially opened and can easily be pulled apart by hand.  Pistachios that are completely closed can be tapped with a hammer or pried open with a pliers.

Peanuts

Peanuts are easily shelled by hand.  Just hold the peanut with the fingers of both hand and apply a twisting motion while squeezing the peanut.  Voila the shell breaks and the peanuts are easily removed.

Some varieties of nuts can be purchased in the shell.  Pick your favorite variety and crack away on a daily basis.

How to Purchase Nuts


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With so many varieties of nuts it is not a surprise that how to choose the perfect nut will also vary by the species.

The fall is the right time to purchase walnuts, pecans, almonds, hazelnuts and other nuts purchased fresh in their shells.  These nuts are always best to obtain right after harvest when their “meat” is as fresh as possible.   If possible purhase directly from the orchards to insure maximum freshness. Look for nuts with undamaged shells

Chestnuts are mostly imported from Asia and Italy and can be purchased from October through February. 

When buying nuts from a local grocery store look for stores that have a fast turnover of their nuts.  Often gourmet nut delicatessens, raw food stores, or natural food groceries will have the freshest choices.  Nuts have a short shelf  life span and will turn rancid after a few months so it is important to shop and eat on a timely basis.  Shelled nuts purchased in plastic bags can be stored at room temperature for up to two months.  You can also place the nuts in airtight containers and store in the refrigerator.  Heat and light , along with lengthy storage times will destroy the nutrients and will hasten spoilage. 

Nuts are best when fresh.  There are many varieties of nuts to enjoy on a regular basis, each with its own special flavor.  Nuts can be purchased various amounts from a few ounces to bulk quanties by the pound.  Shop, store, use and enjoy frequently.